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Pharma Tech Outlook | Friday, December 20, 2019
Scientists and researchers are developing new groundbreaking technologies for drug delivery.
FREMONT, CA: Researchers at Penn State have come up with self-propelled liposomes that possess the ability to move towards or away from chemical signals, making way for self-directed drug delivery vehicles that may actively target a particular area in the body. The technology will help in improving efficacy and minimize the side-effects of medicines in numerous applications.
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Researchers are developing a broad array of drug delivery vehicles, including biomaterials, nanoparticles, and implantable gadgets, for increasing drug accumulation at a target site in the body and decrease side-effects elsewhere.
Nevertheless, the key to drug delivery is improving the affinity and specificity of a drug delivery vehicle for its target tissue. Earlier many drug delivery materials have a relatively poor capability to accumulate in their target tissue.
For instance, many liposomes that are intended for drug delivery are tissue-specific, mostly because of antibodies present on their surface that bind to the target tissue on encountering it. However, these kinds of particles don’t have any way to make their way to the target tissue actively and are carried throughout the body aimlessly. In order to address this, a liposome is developed by researchers, a kind that can actively propel itself towards a chemical signal in the body.
The liposomes are covered in enzymes that respond to particular substrates for producing energy that helps in propelling the liposomes along, via a phenomenon called chemotaxis. The research can tune chemotaxis by modifying the enzymes and allow the particles to either migrate towards or away from the chemical signal’s source. This will aid the particles in gravitating towards specific tissues and avoid others present in the body.
The enzyme-coated liposomes are placed in a microfluidic gadget that maintains a gradient of the reactant of the enzyme or its products. Later, the liposomes’ movements towards or away from particular chemicals can be measured.
Researchers are still working and developing liposomes, and anticipating that soon these will be ready for drug delivery. The liposomes’ interiors can be filled with a payload, and scientists are now slowly getting control over their movements.
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