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Pharma Tech Outlook | Monday, January 11, 2021
Dramatic innovations in molecular techniques have revolutionized the diagnosis of viral infections, along with several other biomedical disciplines.
FREMONT, CA: When the idea of diagnosing viral infection was introduced, the major emphasis was placed on the isolation of viruses and traditional serological tests. From the very start, however, it was clear that virus isolation was expensive and time-consuming and that serological tests needed sera collected several days from the onset of infection. In both cases, the tests provided a diagnosis in retrospect. Today, the clinical virology laboratory benefited from modern techniques, like electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, and ELISAs. Some of these means were adapted to identify viruses directly in clinical specimens to identify antibodies to the viruses. This yielded rapid results, and a diagnosis could sometimes be established on the day when the clinical sample was collected, making the assays clinically useful. Read on to know more.
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The several molecular techniques, known and used only in specialized laboratories for years, found application in clinical virology laboratories. This illustrated a breakthrough whose impact is still ongoing. Foremost has been developing PCR and real-time PCR, which are highly sensitive, reproducible, specific, relatively inexpensive, and easy to automate molecular technologies. Additionally, gene sequencing technology has matured into a modern technique that can yield a reasonable time at a reasonable cost.
For the above reasons, the significance of viral diagnosis and inherent processes have transformed in many instances and over the years. The clinical virologist has to identify the virus whose infection is associated with definite symptoms and provide insights to clinicians to assist them in defining the course of infection, its prognosis, and eventually the efficacy of therapy. The evolution of the viral diagnosis is far from complete. The world is witnessing a burgeoning development of impressive new diagnostic technologies, and advancements appear in the field.
Irrespective of the type of technique addressed, the quality of diagnostic outcomes is of paramount importance. Indeed, there is a vital need to concentrate on the problem of ensuring quality results in terms of accuracy for the future.
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