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Pharma Tech Outlook | Wednesday, March 27, 2019
Severe cardiovascular disorders and arrhythmias can be treated with drugs, medical devices, and treatments including surgical procedures and vagal manoeuvres. Heart rhythm disorders (HRD) cases like stroke, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest are susceptible to severe complications. Most HRDs are considered harmless and do not need therapy. Once the doctor knows that HRD is positive, the provider will assess whether it is uncharacteristic or simply reveals the normal functioning of the heart. The doctor will also check whether the symptoms will put the patient at risk for more serious disorders or impediments in future.
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A biomedical engineer in St. Louis University of Washington has taken a significant step towards precision medicine for patients with an irregular heartbeat that threatens their lives by determining which patients would most benefit from the most commonly used therapy. The effectiveness of the drug mexiletine has been examined in patients with a genetic mutation that causes that Long QT syndrome Type 3, which leads to irregular heartbeat called rhythmic arrhythmias, investigated by researchers from the University of Pavia in Italy. For a decade, the medication has been administered to Long QT Syndrome patients but was ineffective, sometimes harmful to most.
Traditionally, only certain variables in the heart can be examined by researchers. Silva's approach was to build a statistical model that linked the variable features or physical expressions of a genetic trait in a patient’s phenotype. Fluorometry, a technique that measures changes in the environment of a fluorescent momlecule, has helped them understand the nanoscale interaction of mexiletine within the sodium channel of the heart.
The most common arrhythmia seen by doctors is atrial fibrillation (AF). In patients diagnosed with AF, the risk of stroke is five times higher due to an increased risk of clots in the heart chambers, according to the American Heart Association. Unregulated atrial fibrillation heartbeat cannot efficiently pump blood out of the heart. Thus, it leads to pooling of blood in the cardiac chambers and increases the risk of blood coagulation in the heart. Age, high blood pressure, heart valve abnormalities, diabetes, and heart failure are the major risk factors for atrial fibrillation.
Many unconventional treatments for heart rhythm problems are available; relaxation methods and yoga can also help to reduce irregular heart rates in certain disorders. However, taking incorrect supplements or medicines and being treated wrongly can do more harm than good.
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