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Pharma Tech Outlook | Thursday, November 22, 2018
Genomics, the sub-discipline of genetics that focuses on analyzing and creating genetic data, is changing the future of healthcare and medicine by enabling people to deepen their understanding of human life. This emerging field of medicine started off with The Human Genome Project that set out to map all the genes in the human genome. Today, its application has increased and it is being utilized to provide some of the most personalized and effective medical treatments in human history. Many scientists believe that carrying out sequencing of the human genome will shed some light on diverse areas such as the history of the species and the genetic idiosyncrasies of drug metabolism. Genome maps enable medical researchers to locate and identify diseases at a genetic level, and then design specific treatments to eliminate them without affecting anything else inside a patient's body.
Today, genomics is facilitating faster precision treatments and one of the most successful examples is newborn screening. By carrying out a simple blood test, doctors can identify chronic and potentially life-threatening diseases in babies up to two weeks old. And, with the help of genomic testing, the speed and efficiency of this newborn screening process can be increased, thereby letting doctors identify and treat more of these diseases with greater accuracy. Researchers are also able to target and treat rare genetic disorders like Angelman's Syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy by offering potential solutions to these conditions.
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Additionally, genomics is also turning out to be a far less painful solution for cancer patients. Doctors are able to detect, identify, and treat cancer more quickly and effectively with the help of genomics, which provides a much better option than chemotherapy and radiation, with faster recovery times. Targeted Cancer Therapy, a new type of cancer treatment uses genome sequencing to identify and treat a portion of the tumor genome to identify what went wrong and then find a way to treat it more effectively.
But as with many great innovations, there are limitations to this as well. These constraints arise due to the lag between the field of genomics and its application in the healthcare industry, which has become a significant challenge. Nevertheless, given how quickly the field of genomics is evolving, and the extensive knowledge that the researchers are gaining, genomics will possibly become the backbone of how diseases are treated in the next 20 years.
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